Communicating vessel - Pascal vases

 

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1. Communicating Vessels (Pascal’s Vases)

• These are containers of different shapes (tall, wide, narrow, bulbous), but they are connected at the bottom so water can flow freely between them.

• When you pour water into them, the water level becomes the same in all the vases, no matter the shape.

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2. Water Pressure in Liquids

• The pressure at a point in a liquid depends only on depth, not on the shape of the container.

• Formula:

  $$P = \rho \, g \, h$$

  where

  • $$ρ\rho

    ρ = density of water

  • $$gg

     g = gravity

  • $$hh

    h = depth below the surface

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3. Which Object Experiences the Greatest Water Pressure?

👉 The object at the greatest depth (the lowest point under the water surface) experiences the greatest pressure.

• For Pascal’s vases (same water level in all shapes):

  • If you place an object at the same depth in any vase, the water pressure is exactly the same, no matter if the vase is wide, narrow, or tall.

  • If you place one object deeper than another (closer to the bottom), the deeper one experiences greater pressure.